{"id":11565,"date":"2023-05-12T10:53:13","date_gmt":"2023-05-12T08:53:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/hrozaca-wulka-schkoda-psches-mejske-bruki\/"},"modified":"2023-05-12T10:54:28","modified_gmt":"2023-05-12T08:54:28","slug":"hrozaca-wulka-schkoda-psches-mejske-bruki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/hrozaca-wulka-schkoda-psches-mejske-bruki\/","title":{"rendered":"“Hro\u017eaca wulka \u017fchkoda p\u017fches mej\u017fke bruki”"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u011br\u0107in Brycka, sobud\u017a\u011b\u0142a\u0107er Serbskeho instituta, je zajimawy historiski spis we wobstatkach Serbskeje centralneje biblioteki p\u0159ehlada\u0142.<\/em><\/p>\n

W l\u011b\u0107e 1868 wozjewi Micha\u0142 Awgust Kral (1836-1905), wu\u010der w Sokolcy, anonymnje sw\u00f3j spis “Hro\u017eaca wulka \u017fchkoda p\u017fches mej\u017fke bruki”. Mejske bruki b\u011bchu tehdy wulke \u0161kody na \u017enjach zawinili. Nic jeno\u017e \u0141u\u017eica, te\u017e Luxemburgska a dal\u0161e kraje b\u011bchu w surowej m\u011brje potrjechene.<\/p>\n

We wusahowacym stilu tuteje doby poda Kral w swojim 16-stronskim spisu najprjedy \u0161\u011broki zawod, w kotrym\u017e \u010ditarja wo tym p\u0159esw\u011bd\u010di, \u010dehodla je zasadnje spom\u00f3\u017ene njerod\u017ai a z tym \u0161k\u00f3dnikam zad\u017a\u011bwa\u0107. Hladajo na tr\u011bbnu pr\u00f3cu argumentuje, zo so wutupjenje wuros\u0107enych brukow ka\u017e te\u017e zb\u011branje kundrozow (tule: larwy\/kuklenki) hi\u017eo w b\u011bhu n\u011bkotrych l\u011bt wudani:<\/p>\n

“Hi\u017eom w l\u011bc\u017ee 1864 pr\u00f3zowachu \u00dfo ratarjo lip\u017fc\u017eanskeje wokolno\u017fc\u017ce w hromad\u017cenju mejskich brukow. Hubjeneho wjedra dla nahromad\u017cichu tehdy jeno\u017e 1450 k\u00f3rzow [n\u011bm. Scheffel]. Bud\u017cichu pak tele bruki \u017eiwe wosta\u0142e, dha by jich \u017f tychle 1450 k\u00f3rzow l\u011btsa \u017f najmje\u1e45\u017fcha 145,000 k\u00f3rzow njerod\u017ce wul\u011bs\u0142o!\u201d … Hej\u017foli \u00dfo wone 20 l\u011bt po\u017fpochi \u017fe w\u017fchej pilno\u017fc\u017cu \u017fahanjeja, dha bud\u017ce n\u011btc\u017ei\u017fcha pow\u017fchitkowna c\u017ewila nimale zyle p\u017fch\u011btrata.” (str. 6\/7)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Sk\u00f3n\u010dnje namo\u0142wja \u010ditarja, zo so wobstajna pr\u00f3ca za p\u0159ichodne generacije wup\u0142a\u0107i. S\u0107\u011bhuja dok\u0142adne pokiwy, po kajkim wa\u0161nju so mejske bruki najl\u011bpje hromad\u017aa a kotre dru\u017einy \u0161tomow maja wosebje rady. Kral diskutuje w\u0161elake metody zabi\u0107a brukow, hladajo na praktikabelnos\u0107 a pozd\u017ai\u0161e zwu\u017eitkowanje brukow jako hnojid\u0142o. P\u0159i tym p\u0159izna, zo je najh\u00f3dni\u0161a metoda za hospodarjow, kot\u0159i\u017e nochced\u017aa jasnu wodu broji\u0107, abo \u017eanu ma\u0161inu z horcej paru k dispoziciji nimaja, te\u017e zdobom najsurowi\u0161a. Wupraji p\u0159e\u0107e, zo njech so k tomu b\u00f3rze n\u011bkajki stroj wunamaka. Wopisa te\u017e, kak so hod\u017ai ze zbytkow brukow hnojid\u0142o nad\u017a\u011b\u0142a\u0107:<\/p>\n

“B\u00f3le p\u017fchi\u017fprawne je to wa\u017fchnje, hdy\u017e \u00dfo po mje\u1e45\u017fchich d\u017c\u011blach w n\u011bkajkim \u00dfud\u017ce rosmjec\u017aa. Dokel\u017e je dotal \u017fnate wa\u017fchnje \u017fanic\u017eenja p\u017fchezo jara hruby \u017fkutk, dha by h\u00f3dno by\u0142o, \u017fo by n\u011bcht\u00f3 p\u017fchih\u00f3dnu ma\u017fchinu wunamaka\u0142, ki\u017e by bruki \u017f ra\u017fom rosmjat\u0142a.” (str. 8)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Je spis wo mejskich brukach potajkim p\u0159iru\u010dka k zabiwanju a p\u0159ed\u017a\u011b\u0142anju brukow? Zd\u017a\u011bla haj, ale nic jeno\u017e. Te\u017e hdy\u017e m\u00f3h\u0142 \u010ditar w pr\u011bnjej po\u0142ojcy tajki za\u0107i\u0161\u0107 d\u00f3sta\u0107, wot strony 9 so pokaza, zo d\u017a\u011b\u0161e Kralej zasadnje wo wjele wjac. Brizantna tema s\u0142u\u017ei jemu jako p\u0159i\u010dina, indirektnje daloko sahace programatiske namo\u0142wy zwurazni\u0107. Sformuluje do\u010dasnje w\u0161elake mysle, kotre\u017e bychu so d\u017aensa pod zap\u0159ije\u0107om p\u0159irodo\u0161kit zjima\u0107 da\u0142e. Tak wuwjed\u017ae, zo njem\u00f3\u017ea lud\u017ao sami \u0161k\u00f3dniki bjez pomocy w\u011bstych pta\u010dich dru\u017ein wobknje\u017ei\u0107, wosebje \u0161k\u00f3rcow a wroblow, kotrym\u017e dyrbja so p\u0159ih\u00f3dne wum\u011bnjenja a byd\u0142a poski\u0107e\u0107. P\u0159i tym wupraji so p\u0159e\u0107iwo zebranjam jejkow z hn\u011bzdow, \u0161to\u017e b\u011b\u0161e w 19. l\u011btstotku z wa\u0161njom (we \u0141u\u017eicy pak hi\u017eo nic wjac). Wuchad\u017aejo wot wuznama ptakow jako bruko \u017era\u010dkow zw\u011bs\u0107i, zo maja so l\u011bsy a kerki mjez polemi hlada\u0107. P\u0159i tym pokaza te\u017e na zasadny wuznam tajkich kupow za p\u00f3du a cy\u0142u krajinu:<\/p>\n

“Ale, bohu\u017eel! l\u011b\u00dfy a ke\u0155c\u017eki mjes polemi namakaja \u00dfo pola na\u00df jeno\u017e jara por\u011bdko. Wjele b\u00f3le \u017fdr\u011bjeja na\u017fchi ho\u017fpodarjo k\u00f3\u017edu \u00dfuchu h\u00f3rku horje, \u017fo bychu tam sk\u00f3nc\u017enje jeno\u017e hn\u00f3j rosbrojili.” (str. 11)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dale spyta Kral sympatiju za w\u011bste cycaki, wosebje knoty a \u0161wincy wubud\u017ai\u0107:<\/p>\n

“Te\u017e w\u017fchelaka zyzaza \u017fw\u011brina pomha c\u017elowjekej w jeho wojowanju nap\u017fchec\u017ciwo njerod\u017ci. Tajke wu\u017eitne \u017fw\u011brjata \u00dfu na p\u017fchik\u0142ad ku\u017fche njetopyry, tro\u017fki [Spitzmaus\/ Feldmaus], j\u011b\u017ee, kohlizy, knoty a \u00dfwinzy.” (str. 14)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Pod stawiznopisnym aspektom je ze\u0161iwk wo mejskich brukach zajimawy, dokel\u017e jedna so wo za\u017eny eksemplar spisow p\u0159irodo\u0161kitneje programatiki. Moderny p\u0159irodo\u0161kit a pozd\u017ai\u0161i \u0161kit zw\u011brjatow je so zwjet\u0161a \/ z (naj)wjet\u0161eho d\u017a\u011b\u0142a pr\u011bnjotnje ze \u0161kita ptakow wuwi\u0142. Z tym w\u011bzo Kralej podsuny\u0107 nochcu, zo b\u011b w\u00f3n po d\u017aensni\u0161im zrozumjenju “zeleny”. Podobnje ke Kocorowej sadowej knize z l\u011bta 1851 je tuta kniha originarny serbski spis a nic jeno\u017e p\u0159e\u0142o\u017ek n\u011bmskeje p\u0159ed\u0142ohi.<\/p>\n

Zajimawy detail w tutym zwisku: Kralowu knihu wuda ratarske wokrjesne towarstwo za saksku Hornju \u0141u\u017eicu (Landwirtschaftlicher Kreisverein f\u00fcr das k\u00f6niglich s\u00e4chische Markgraftum Oberlausitz). W samsnym l\u011b\u0107e je te\u017e pruske towarstwo, centralne ratarske towarstwo za prowincu Sakska (Landwirtschaftlicher Centralverein der Provinz Sachsen), konkretnu p\u0159iru\u010dku za wotwobaranje mejskich brukow wuda\u0142o. Hod\u017ai so z toho wuchad\u017ae\u0107, zo b\u011b Kralej tut\u00f3n spis znaty, a zo na to reagowa\u0161e a tohodla na p\u0159ik\u0142ad w\u011bste pokiwy p\u0159ewza, druhe pak kritisce hladajo na tudy\u0161e pom\u011bry wuh\u00f3dno\u0107i.<\/p>\n

Kralowy tekst je dospo\u0142nje, r\u011b\u010dnje a prawopisnje modernizowane, we wotpow\u011bdnym kapitlu knihi “Zelena Rados\u0107” wu\u010derja Jana Krala z Boranec wot\u0107i\u0161\u0107any. Tam h\u00f3dno\u0107i so te\u017e jeho dal\u0161e kub\u0142anske skutkowanje a pismowstwo.<\/p>\n

Digitalizat originalneho Kraloweho ze\u0161iwka wo mejskich brukach je online p\u0159istupna pod http:\/\/digital.slub-dresden.de\/id481089187<\/a>. P\u0159edle\u017eacy eksemplar s\u0142u\u0161e\u0161e wu\u010derjej Janej Bohuw\u011brej Mu\u010dinkej ze Zemic, kotry\u017e j\u00f3n Ma\u0107icy Serbskej dari.<\/p>\n

We wirtuelnej \u010ditarni<\/a> Serbskeje centralneje bibioteki a Serbskeho kulturneho archiwa namaka\u0107e dal\u0161e zajimawostki!<\/p>\n

P\u0159edle\u017eacy tekst je p\u0159ino\u0161k we rubrice “Droho\u0107inki ze Serbskeje centralneje biblioteki a Serbskeho kulturneho archiwa”.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u011br\u0107in Brycka, sobud\u017a\u011b\u0142a\u0107er Serbskeho instituta, je zajimawy historiski spis we wobstatkach Serbskeje centralneje biblioteki p\u0159ehlada\u0142. W l\u011b\u0107e 1868 wozjewi Micha\u0142 Awgust Kral (1836-1905), wu\u010der w Sokolcy, anonymnje sw\u00f3j spis “Hro\u017eaca wulka \u017fchkoda p\u017fches mej\u017fke bruki”. Mejske bruki b\u011bchu tehdy wulke \u0161kody na \u017enjach zawinili. Nic jeno\u017e \u0141u\u017eica, te\u017e Luxemburgska a dal\u0161e kraje b\u011bchu w surowej […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":11563,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsmeldung-os"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11565"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11566,"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11565\/revisions\/11566"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11563"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.serbski-institut.de\/os\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}